What does the term "running a case" typically refer to?

The term "running a case" typically refers to systematically defending a particular argument within a debate. This process involves presenting evidence, reasoning, and analysis to support a specific position on an issue, thereby constructing a coherent narrative or framework that justifies one's stance. In debate contexts, it is crucial for debaters to clearly articulate their arguments, anticipate counterarguments, and reinforce their positions throughout the debate rounds.

This method organizes the debater's thoughts and helps persuade judges and audience members by demonstrating a thorough understanding of the topic and providing logical support for their claims. By contrast, the other options do not accurately capture the essence of "running a case." For example, defending a hypothesis in a scientific debate focuses on empirical research rather than structured argumentation, while listening to perspectives without taking a side or ignoring opposing views does not contribute to the active defense and articulation of an argument, which is central to running a case effectively.